Which Blow Molding Process is Ideal for your Bottle?

Which Blow Molding Process is Ideal for Your Bottle?

Blow molding is a manufacturing process for forming and joining hollow plastic parts together. In general, there are three main types of blow molding: Extrusion Blow Molding, One Stage Injection Blow Molding, and Two Stage PET Stretch Blow Molding.

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Blow molding is used to manufacture hollow plastic products such as bottles and containers. It is also applied in the production of toys, automobile parts, accessories, and various engineering components. The principles used in blow molding are similar to those used in glass bottle production. Although there are several processes for blow molding, the basic steps include: (1) melt the plastic; (2) form the molten plastic into a parison (a tube-like shape); (3) seal the ends of the parison except for one area for blowing air; (4) inflate the parison to assume the shape of the mold; (5) cool the blow-molded part; (6) eject the part; and (7) trim flash if necessary.

Extrusion Blow Molding

The extrusion blow molding process creates the largest percentage of blow-molded objects today. It uses an extruder and a water-cooled mold to shape a parison. Air is pumped into the mold, similar to blowing up a balloon. Material feeds into a transfer screw via a feeding hopper. The hollow tube created, called a parison, is formed into parts with air pressure.

For making parisons, material is extruded into a hollow tube using a specially constructed blow molding die. Extrusion blow molding can manufacture larger pieces and is generally less expensive because there are no internal tensions in the part, though it generates more waste and offers less precision over essential dimensions.

Injection Blow Molding (One Stage)

Injection blow molding involves injecting plastic preform into a blow mold. The preform is then shaped by air pressure and rapidly cooled. This process executes in three stages: injection, blowing, and ejection, using a single tool to handle both molding and blowing. The injection mold creates the shape, which is inflated by air introduced through a small hole in the core rod.

Injection Stretch Blow Molding (Two Stages)

Injection Stretch Blow Molding (ISBM) uses two machines: one for injection molding to create preforms and another for stretch blow molding. The process involves reheating preforms and using high-pressure air to shape them. ISBM is ideal for producing bottles with superior optical and barrier properties, achieved by biaxial orientation through a stretching rod.

Applications and Further Information

Extrusion Blow Molding Applications

• Petrochemicals & Lubricants
• Food Packaging
• Cleaning Supplies (Households)
• Medical Supplies (Pharmaceutical)
• Personal Care
• Others like toys, bellows, and car parts

Stretch Blow Molding Applications

• Soda, juice, water bottles
• Shampoo and cleaning containers
• Cosmetics bottles
• Medical packaging
• Plastic drums and tubs

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