Viton vs Nitrile O Rings

As two of the most commonly utilized elastomers, Viton™ and nitrile O-rings exhibit some remarkable characteristics. Both ensure excellent compression set and cater to an extensive range of industrial and domestic applications. Nevertheless, these two materials are not identical in all respects, making it essential to discern which is best suited for specific purposes. This article delves into the comparison between Viton™ and nitrile O-rings to highlight their distinctive applications and reasons for use.

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Nitrile O-Rings - The Optimal Choice for Economical and Versatile Applications

Also known as NBR or Buna-N, nitrile O-rings are among the most cost-effective and widely adopted elastomers available. This material boasts an array of advantages, including a low compression set, high abrasion resistance, and strong tensile strength.

• Temperature Range: Operative from -40°C to 120°C
• Suitability: Ideal for general purposes, particularly where seals encounter hydrocarbons, oils, petrol, water, and hydraulic fluids
• Benefits: Excellent abrasion and tear resistance, highly cost-efficient
• Limitations: Poor resistance to ozone and weather degradation

You will find nitrile O-rings employed in a myriad of applications where oil resistance is imperative or low-temperature functionality is essential. These include automotive, aircraft fuel systems, marine environments, and beyond.

Viton™ O-Rings - Superior Performance in High Temperatures and Chemical Environments

The name Viton™ is a trademark, analogous to brands like Hoover or Sellotape, and refers to fluorocarbon O-rings, also termed as FKM/FPM. This material is distinguished by its exceptional high-temperature tolerance and resistance to oils, fuels, hydraulic fluids, aromatics, and solvents.

Various types of FKM/FPM/Viton™ O-rings are accessible, catering to specific performance requirements by varying the fluorine content.

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• Temperature Range: Effective from -40°C up to 250°C
• Suitability: Ideal for high-temperature and chemically-intense environments, with resistance to mineral acids, halogenated hydrocarbons, among others
• Benefits: Resistant to most chemicals, UV, weather, ozone, and mold degradation
• Limitations: Less suited for extreme cold conditions

FKM/FPM O-rings are prevalent in diverse applications from aircraft engines to automotive components, especially where resistance to corrosive liquids and fuels is necessary. Their low compression set properties make them perfect for high-temperature conditions and chemical resistance.

Choosing Between Viton™ and Nitrile O-Rings – Making the Right Decision

When comparing these O-ring materials, certain scenarios clearly dictate the choice of Viton™ versus nitrile. For instance, if your system operates above 100°C, nitrile would be unsuitable. Conversely, if exposure to weather, UV, or ozone is likely, nitrile may degrade, leading to potential failures.

In most conditions, excluding sub-zero temperatures, Viton™ (FKM/FPM) outperforms nitrile.

If you remain uncertain about the appropriate choice between Viton™ and nitrile O-rings, we're here to assist. Our team has collaborated with a wide array of industries to ensure they are equipped with the ideal O-ring for their specific requirements. We aim to deliver the necessary functionality without unnecessary expense. Contact our experienced team today for expert advice and support.

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Both materials are well suited for use in the -30 to 125°C range. Buna-N has an advantage in lower temperatures, while FKM excels in higher temperatures. Marco provides specialized compound formulations extending these ranges even further, as illustrated in the accompanying compound comparison chart. When comparing electrical current resistance, FKM has a slight edge. Differences in compression set resistance suggest that FKM has a mild superiority, which is also evident in wear resistance, heat stability, and permeation resilience.

Both materials resist solvents, common fuels, mineral oils, vegetable oils, greases, aliphatic hydrocarbons, silicone oils, petroleum oils, and di-ester lubricants. However, FKM offers additional resistances, including to steam, ozone, compression set, broad-spectrum chemicals, aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, non-flammable hydraulic fluids, aging, strong acids, brake fluids, acetone, halogenated hydrocarbons, vacuum, and most acids. Buna-N specifically resists acids, diluted alkalies, hydraulic fluids, water, ethylene glycol fluids, and alcohols.