The Complete Guide to Buying a Used Excavator

Buying construction equipment, whether new or used, can be a daunting task. Balancing your budget while ensuring you get a high-quality excavator requires careful consideration and research. In this comprehensive guide, we will provide you with insider tips and tricks to help you make an informed decision when buying a used excavator.

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Overview of Buying a Used Excavator

Before diving into the details, it's essential to have a clear understanding of your budget. Knowing your financial limitations will help you narrow down your options and avoid unnecessary expenses in repairs and maintenance. It's crucial to set a realistic budget and stick to it throughout the buying process.

When buying a used excavator, it's important to inspect its exterior condition for signs of wear and tear. Look out for dents, cracks, and bends, as these can indicate heavy use and potential damage. While some wear and tear are normal, significant damage may suggest that the excavator was misused or mishandled by its previous owner.

Next, carefully examine the hydraulics of the excavator for any leaks. Inspect all cylinders, hoses, and lines, as well as the hydraulic pump compartment. Addressing any hydraulic system issues before finalizing the purchase is essential to avoid costly repairs down the line.

One crucial aspect to consider is the accuracy of the hour meter. The hour meter provides valuable information about the machine's usage and overall condition. Ensure that the hour meter is functioning correctly and verify its reading. A broken or tampered hour meter could indicate hidden issues and affect the excavator's longevity.

Another critical factor to assess is the swing radius movement. Excessive play or abnormal movement in the slew ring can lead to damage and safety hazards. Thoroughly inspect the connection points, bushings, and pins for any signs of wear or weakness.

Lastly, evaluate the condition of the bucket and attachments. Excessive wear on the bucket teeth or attachment points can affect the excavator's efficiency and performance. Research parts availability and maintenance support to ensure you can easily replace or repair attachments if needed.

Don't forget to consider the condition of the tires and compare prices from different sellers. This will help you make an informed decision and potentially negotiate a better deal.

Tips for Inspecting: Exterior

Checking for Dents, Cracks, and Bends

When examining a used excavator, pay close attention to its exterior surfaces for any signs of damage. Look for dents, cracks, and bends, especially in areas such as the boom, stick, bucket, and slew ring. While some wear and tear are expected, significant damage could indicate misuse or inadequate maintenance.

Inspect the connection point welds between the boom and stick, as well as the stick and bucket, for any cracks. Cracks in these areas may require expensive replacements and affect the excavator's overall performance.

Examining for Signs of Misuse and Rental History

Aside from visible damage, it's essential to evaluate the excavator for signs of misuse or a rental history. Amateur users may mishandle the machine, leading to accelerated wear and tear. Look out for reduced functionality or any indications that the excavator was not operated by professionals.

If possible, request maintenance records to gain insight into the machine's history. A well-maintained excavator is more likely to be in better condition and have a longer lifespan.

Tips for Inspecting: Hydraulics

Checking for Leaks

One of the critical components of an excavator is its hydraulic system. Inspect all cylinders, hoses, and lines for any signs of leaks. Pay close attention to the hydraulic pump compartment, as leaks in this area can indicate potential issues with the system.

If you encounter hydraulic system damage during the inspection, consider negotiating with the seller to have them repair it before finalizing the purchase. Addressing any hydraulic issues upfront can save you from costly repairs in the future.

Examining Cylinders, Hoses, and Lines

In addition to checking for leaks, thoroughly examine the condition of the cylinders, hoses, and lines. Look for any signs of wear or damage, such as cracks or bulges. Ensure that all components are in good shape and working properly.

Proper functioning hydraulics are essential for the excavator's performance and efficiency. Investing in a machine with a well-maintained hydraulic system will save you time and money in the long run.

Validating Hour Meter Accuracy

Checking Hour Meter Functionality

The hour meter provides valuable information about the excavator's usage and overall lifespan. It's crucial to ensure that the hour meter is functioning correctly. Verify that it accurately tracks the machine's operating hours.

If you notice any issues with the hour meter's functionality, it's essential to address them. A broken or malfunctioning hour meter can provide inaccurate information about the machine's usage and affect its resale value.

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Authenticating Hour Meter Reading

While checking the functionality of the hour meter is important, it's equally crucial to validate the accuracy of its reading. If you have any doubts about the hour meter's reliability, look for additional signs of wear and tear that align with the displayed operating hours.

Inspect the control pedals for excessive wear, as this could indicate that the excavator has logged more hours than the meter suggests. Be cautious when dealing with a machine that has a questionable hour meter reading, as this could affect its overall performance and longevity.

Evaluating Swing Radius Movement

Checking the Slew Ring for Play or Abnormal Movement

Assessing the swing radius movement of a used excavator is essential to avoid potential damage and safety hazards. When the hydraulic excavator housing rotates, operation should be tight and smooth. Excessive play or abnormal movement in the slew ring can lead to costly repairs or even accidents on the job site.

Rotate the housing to a quarter turn and check for any play or movement in the slew ring. If you detect anything unusual, this could be a sign of damage or wear and may require further investigation or repair before purchasing the machine.

Examining Connection Points for Loose Play

Inspect the connection points between the stick, boom, and bucket for any signs of loose play or movement. Tight pins and bearings are crucial for the excavator's accuracy and performance. Any looseness in these areas could affect the machine's overall functionality.

If you find any issues related to the connection points, consider negotiating with the seller to have them repaired before finalizing the purchase. Investing in a well-maintained excavator will save you time and money in the long run.

Assessing Bucket and Attachments

Checking for Wear and Tear on Bucket Teeth

The condition of the bucket teeth is crucial for the excavator's efficiency and performance. Examine the bucket teeth for signs of wear and tear, such as scalloping or excessive wear between the teeth. While some wear is normal, significant damage could indicate that the excavator was misused or inadequately maintained.

If you find any issues with the bucket teeth, consider having them repaired or replaced before purchasing the machine. A well-maintained bucket will ensure optimal performance and a longer lifespan for your excavator.

Researching Parts Availability and Maintenance Support

Before purchasing a used excavator, research parts availability and maintenance support for the specific make and model. Ensuring that replacement parts are readily available and that there is adequate support for repairs and maintenance will save you time and frustration in the long run.

Consult with the seller or a trusted mechanic to get a better understanding of the parts availability and support options for the excavator you're considering. This information will help you make an informed decision and avoid potential headaches down the line.

Considering Tires and Price Comparison

Don't forget to inspect the tires on the excavator, as worn or damaged tires can affect the machine's overall performance and safety. Ensure that the tires are in good condition and suitable for the intended usage of the excavator.

Lastly, compare prices from different sellers to ensure you're getting the best possible deal. Research market values and consider factors such as age, hours, and overall condition when comparing prices. Remember that negotiating with the seller can potentially lead to better deals and additional concessions, such as repairs or part replacements.

Bottom Line

When it comes to buying a used excavator, thorough inspection is key. Take the time to carefully examine every aspect of the machine, from the exterior condition to the hydraulics and attachments. Don't hesitate to ask questions and seek advice from experts to ensure you're making the best possible decision.

Remember, each excavator is unique, and its lifespan can vary depending on factors such as brand, maintenance history, and usage. While the average excavator can last between 7,000 and 10,000 hours, it's essential to consider individual circumstances and assess the overall condition of the machine.

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I am not trying **** in your corn flakes. Look at it this way. If you think 80% of your jobs can only be accessed with a 17 than your buying the right machine. If 80% of your jobs can be accessed with a 35 size, you bought the wrong machine. I had a CX17 on rent years ago for a couple weeks, handy little machine for digging lines into large pool where nothing else would fit. After its little stint, it was gone, because it is not cost effective to dig with it, when larger machines can do it faster. I have also had a 35 sized machine (IHI 35J). Did a ton of work with that machine, and learned the value of a mini ex. Went up to a 6 ton machine in 04 and that is where I stayed. Maybe this is the way to make the point if you have not done this already, go rent a 17. Go out somewhere are dig a utility trench a 100 feet long, dig footings for an average sized shop or garage. Then do the same with a 35 sized machine. If that doesn't convince you, nothing will.


I know what used trucks cost and I know what new trucks cost. I am just finishing up a flat bed that I put on a '20 Chevy CC 4X4 DRW I bought last week. I replaced the one I bought new in 06. They are expensive but it is the cost of doing business. It doesn't matter how good your half ton is, still has the towing capacity of a half ton. You do realize that you will be operating commercially? DOT doesn't care that you carry round bales with your half ton. They just want you legal when your pulling commercially. You will find yourself having to rent machines, perhaps bigger than the 17 machine. If you cant haul it yourself, your going to have to pay someone to haul it. It hasn't been mentioned yet, but you find yourself having to buy or rent a SSL or CTL at times. There are not a lot of mini ex only jobs in my experience.

I will say this again, if your picking a 17 because its all you can haul, not on the work that can be done with it, your making a mistake. You simply wont be able to compete and to do so you will be working for free or less than free. You make good points at what this stuff costs. That was the point brought across before, it takes money to get into this and it takes money to keep it going. Good used pickups can be found. The chance of having to put money into something (used pickup or excavator) is a sure thing. That is why you need to make money at this. Spending 5 times longer to get projects done, isn't going to be making money, you will be wasting your time and the customers time.

Either way, good luck.

 

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